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Acute Myeloid Leukemia Cancer

Acute myeloid leukemia cancer (AML) is diagnosed in the bone marrow where blood cells are created. It may spread to the brain, blood, and the spinal cord.

AML is characterized by immature white cells, also known as blasts, that populate the bone-marrow and prevent its ability to produce healthy red blood cells and plateslets. This is the most prevalent form of acute leukemia among adults.

Diagnosis

The cancer is called acute myeloid leukemia, when immature cells (leukemia) accumulate in bone marrow, or blood, which causes them to replace healthy cells. The cancer is rapidly growing and may extend to other areas of the body. This is the most common form of acute leukemia in adults. It is also called acute myeloblasticleukemia AML and acute nonlymphocytic Leukemia.

Doctors diagnose acute leukemia myeloid through analyzing symptoms and conducting blood tests. The blood test is used to determine the amount of red blood cells and platelets in the blood. It also measures the levels of certain minerals and chemicals and looks for signs of blood clotting.

The doctor will conduct an examination of the body to look for swelling in the neck, groin and liver. They can also look at the eyes, skin and gums as well as lymph nodes for indications of disease or acute myeloid leukemia railroad injury infection. They will inquire about the patient's previous health including any prior illness or treatments for other conditions.

A sample of bone marrow is also tested for leukemia cells. A needle is used to extract the bone and the marrow. The doctor then puts the specimen into an instrument that scans for cancerous cells. The doctor also checks the specimen under a microscope in order to determine how the cells look and count the number of leukemia cells. Another lab test called cytogenetic analysis looks for changes in the chromosomes that make up the leukemia cells.

Treatment

The bone marrow produces blood stem cells that grow into mature blood cell as time passes. One type is called myeloid stem cells. They transform into granulocytes and produce white blood cells. White blood cells fight off infections and alert other blood cell to invaders. Another type, acute myeloid leukemia Railroad injury the lymphoid stem cells, grow into B cells that create antibodies that attack viruses and bacteria as well as T cells that destroy them directly. Myeloid stem cells transform into abnormal white blood cells known as myeloblasts when there is acute myeloid Leukemia railroad injury myeloid cancer. They are found in bone marrow and blood, and block healthy cells.

The cancer may spread to other parts of the human body, including the spinal cord, brain the abdomen, chest and other organs. Leukemia risk increases with age, and if you have received radiation therapy or chemotherapy for other cancers in the past, your chances of developing leukemia are higher.

AML is treated by doctors with medicines (also called chemotherapy) that kill cancer cells or prevent them from growing. The subtypes of AML and whether the leukemia is spreading are used to determine the treatment strategy.

Treatment for AML is usually divided into two phases. The first, which is known as remission induction therapy, aims to eliminate the leukemia cells and bring your blood counts back to normal. The second, referred to as consolidation therapy is designed to eradicate any remaining cancerous cells, and prevent them from returning. Palliative treatment can be used to treat side effects and symptoms.

Side effects

If your doctor suspects you have acute myelogenous Leukemia then you'll be referred to one who is specialized in blood cell disorders (hematologist). A bone marrow test. During this test doctors use a needle to get a sample of your bone marrow. They then send the specimen to a lab for analysis to determine if there are too many immature white blood cells or other abnormal blood cells.

Acute myeloid leukemia cancer starts in the blood-forming cells in the bone marrow. The cancer causes these cells to create too many immature white blood cells. These cells build up in the blood and block healthy cells. These cells can also expand into other areas of the body.

The treatment for this type of cancer is dependent on your age and the subtype of AML. It usually involves a variety of kinds of chemotherapy drugs. This treatment is usually followed by a time when you receive medications that help prevent the cancer from recurring. This treatment is called maintenance therapy.

Certain of the medications used to treat this condition may cause side effects. They can cause fatigue, fever and low levels healthy red blood cells. These side effects are usually temporary and fade once the chemotherapy is done and healthy cells are regenerated. Treatments for side effects could include medicines that boost your blood cell counts, medicines to fight infections as well as antibiotics to prevent or treat any infections you have.

The following is a list with preventions.

Every day millions of blood cells grow in the bone marrow (the soft interior part of bones in which new blood cells are produced). The majority of these cells become lymphoid stem cells, which then mature into mature lymphocytes that fight off infection and disease. A minority of the stem cells transform into myeloid stem cells which ultimately become granulocytes (including neutrophils) and platelets, which aid in the formation of blood clot.

When stem cells start to grow out of control, and then mutate they block healthy bone marrow and blood cells. This can lead to problems such as easy bleeding and infections and anemia, as well as uncontrolled blood cell production called leukemia.

AML typically starts in the bone marrow, but can spread quickly to the blood and other organs, like the central nervous system and the liver. The specific subtype of AML determines the prognosis, that is how likely to be successfully treated and how long you'll endure treatment after it begins.

AML is usually caused by the aging process, chemotherapy or radiation therapy, smoking and exposure to certain chemicals like benzene. A family member with AML or a related hematological illness increases the risk. Your risk is also increased by genetic disorders in your family, such as Down syndrome, Bloom syndrome, and myelodysplastic disorder. Other conditions, such as hepatitis C or HIV could increase your risk.