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Cancer Bladder Cancer

Cancer bladder cancer is caused by the growth of cells that have grown out of control in the bladder lining. It can be either invasive or noninvasive.

It's most common in men and those over the age of 55. The most frequent symptoms (hematuria) is the presence of blood in the urine. Other symptoms include pain or a weak urine stream.

Signs and symptoms

The first indication of bladder cancer is the presence of blood in your urine (hematuria). It might not be visible in a lab test, but it's evident to the naked eye. You may also notice your bladder isn't fully filled and you feel the need to urinate more often. Sometimes the color cancer bladder of your urine shifts as well, changing from orange, pink or, often, dark red. Urine blood can be absent or it could be present all the time.

Bladder cancer usually occurs when abnormal cells multiply and then grow uncontrollably on the bladder's lining. The most commonly encountered type of bladder cancer is known as transitional cells cancer, which form within the wall of your bladder. Other kinds of bladder cancers include squamous cell cancer which begins in the cells which line your urethra and can spread to other parts of your body. Then there's the adenocarcinoma which begins in the cells that produce mucus in your bladder.

There are a variety of things that could trigger these symptoms, and it is important to see your doctor right away if you're suffering from them. Your doctor will ask about your health and family history, and conduct a physical exam. They might order a cystoscopy, a CT scan or an MRI to check your bladder. If they suspect that you have bladder cancer, they might request a sample of your tissue for an examination.

Diagnosis

Doctors use a variety tests and procedures to determine if you have bladder cancer. These include a physical exam and urine laboratory tests to determine if there is blood or other substances (urinalysis) as well as the test that utilizes cameras to examine the inside of your bladder and the urethra (cystoscopy).

Most cancers in the bladder begin in the inner cells that line the bladder, known as the transitional epithelium. The cancers may not be visible by the doctor during a cystoscopy, if they are not large. The cancers can be referred to non-muscle invasive, or carcinoma in situ.

A more serious form of bladder cancer begins in muscle cells. These cancers grow into the underlying layers of bladder wall. The cells can also expand into the tubes that carry urine out of the bladder (the ureters). This is referred to as invasive or muscular carcinoma.

The stage of cancer helps your doctor plan your treatment by describing how far it has spread. The results of diagnostic tests and symptoms are used to determine the stage.

Doctors will perform regular follow-up testing after the procedure to monitor your health and detect the possibility of a recurrence or recurrence of cancer. These tests may include an examination that measures the amount of urine produced by your kidneys (renal ultrasonography). PET scans are also a possibility. A camera specially designed for this purpose is used to take 3D images of various organs, including the bladder. The test can reveal small tumors that might be missed on the CT or MRI scan.

Treatment

Your doctor will test for cancerous cells in your urine (urine cytology). They will also draw blood to determine the health of your liver and kidneys. They will then conduct a CT scan on your abdomen and pelvis. This will generate three-dimensional photos of your body, and may reveal any bladder tumors. They can also perform an ultrasound of your bladder.

The treatment options for you will depend on the type of bladder cancer you have and how far it has spread. If the cancer is in the bladder's lining (Ta) or has only affected the muscle layer directly below it (T1) Your doctor will treat you with chemotherapy medications taken either by mouth or via the use of a tube to insert into your bladder (intravesical). Your doctor can recommend the right drug for you. The most frequently prescribed drugs include mitomycin C, gemcitabine (available as a drug generic), docetaxel(Taxotere), valrubicin(Valstar) and Cancer Bladder docetaxel.

If the cancer has expanded beyond the lining of your bladder into the muscle wall of your bladder, or into lymph nodes near the bladder, it's stage T2 or higher. It is also known as bladder cancer that is invasive. Your doctor could prescribe chemotherapy drugs along with or without radiation treatment. They may also prescribe an medication called a radiosensitiser to help your tumour respond better to radiation.

The following is a list of preventatives.

The bladder, also known as the urinary bladder, is a large organ that is located in the lower abdomen. It stores urine from the kidneys until the body is able to flush it out. Your kidneys are responsible for filtering toxins out of your urine however if they accumulate in the urinary bladder for a long time this can cause cancer. Bladder cancer can develop when cells in the bladder develop changes (mutations) in their DNA that make them grow rapidly and not stop when they should, forming cancer that could spread into other tissues of the body.

Men are more likely than women to develop bladder cancer since the risk increases with the advancing years. A family history of the condition can also increase your risk. The risk of a person developing the disease can increase if he or she has received treatment with cyclophosphamide, an anti-cancer drug.

It is also possible to increase the risk of developing bladder cancer by exposure to certain industrial chemicals. Arsenic is naturally found in drinking water as well as in the chemicals used in industries such as the production of paint, rubber leather, textiles and other. People who have a job that requires regular exposure to harmful chemicals or fumes, such as firefighters, machinists or truck drivers, are at greater chance of being exposed to chemicals than other.