공지사항

Thirty years ago, the International Conference on Population and Development (ICPD), kept in Cairo, Egypt, underscored the right of all people to attain the greatest requirement of sexual and reproductive health and rights (SRHR). In 2004, WHO released a reproductive health method - ratified by 191 Member States at the Fifty-seventh World Health Assembly - that reinforced the centrality of SRHR to societies and economies (Resolution WHA57.12). These structures are grounded in gender equality and acknowledge the imperishable significance of sexual health in accomplishing health for all.

WHO scientists worked with Member States, civil society and neighborhoods throughout all areas to operationalize a to cover the five crucial pillars for improving SRHR:

- improving antenatal, perinatal, postpartum and newborn care

- offering family preparation services

- removing risky abortion

- combatting sexually transferred infections (STIs).

- promoting sexual health.

Resolution WHA57.12 additional notified SRHR policies and assisting files in several regions and Member States. For example, Latin America's 2013 Montevideo Consensus and Africa's Maputo Plan of Action from 2016 (building upon the initial 2006 strategy) both consist of language and ideas strengthening and promoting SRHR.

" The worldwide strategy is the foundational policy file that centres WHO's mandate for sexual and reproductive health to date," said Dr Pascale Allotey, Director of the UN Special Programme on Human Reproduction (HRP) and WHO's Department of Sexual and Reproductive Health. "The text stays crucial in contributing to assisting research priorities and dealing with countries to establish beneficial resources to guarantee thorough SRHR across the life course."

Significant development has been made over the last twenty years within each of the 5 pillars, including these examples.

- The Global strategy came about as the world was reeling from the HIV and AIDS epidemic. Today, the number of individuals getting HIV has fallen by 38% because 2010 alone, due in part to the Strategy's emphasis on eliminating STIs including HIV.

- As of March 2022, 60% of WHO Member States have actually included the human papillomavirus vaccine (HPV) in their routine immunization schedules, considerably advancing efforts to eliminate cervical cancer as a public health danger.

- Prioritizing household preparation services and birth control access caused WHO's Family preparation: an international handbook for suppliers recommendation guide, which has been distributed over a million times. Accordingly, the proportion of females utilizing modern-day contraceptive techniques increased from 467 million in 1990 to 874 million in 2022, while a larger variety of contraceptive choices is now readily available.


A 2020 study found that there has been a worldwide reduction in unintended pregnancy. Furthermore, evidence-based medical abortion programs have enhanced worldwide access to abortion, and over 60 nations have actually liberalized abortion laws in the past thirty years in line with evidence on the significance of such efforts to guarantee the health of females and teen girls.

Professor Kate Gilmore, co-chair of the Gender and Human Rights Advisory Panel of HRP, credited the Strategy and WHO for helping produce crucial clinical evidence on SRHR that has actually added to some of these shifts. "Some of the excellent advances that we've seen - including the way civil society has taken up the cause to argue for access to safe and legal abortion - are due to the Strategy and the organized generation of evidence over these past twenty years," she stated.

Despite early gains, however, recent years have seen indications of stagnancy. From 2000 to 2020, the maternal mortality rate visited 34% worldwide - however a 2023 report found that progress has mainly stalled since. The worrisome pattern was illustrated during a recent event showcasing worldwide datasets on the development of SRHR since ICPD. High maternal mortality rates continue a few nations and sexual health issues, such as endometriosis, infertility and sexual erectile dysfunction, are often neglected or stabilized.

Dr Allotey and Dr Manjulaa Narasimhan, researcher at WHO and HRP, kept in mind in a current commentary in the WHO Bulletin that the SRHR program remains incomplete and in some instances has actually regressed due to geopolitical stress, economic slumps, the global food crisis, climate change, humanitarian crises and COVID-19.

There are emerging chances to catalyse progress - for example, by improving human rights-based techniques in SRHR and embedding principles like non-discrimination, consisting of in crisis situations. Improving health systems with a main health-care method can improve equity and broaden access to comprehensive SRHR services. New innovations and alternative service delivery approaches can improve SRHR by broadening access, choice and autonomy.

Other future-looking focus locations within SRHR include research study on the transformative role of artificial intelligence and innovative birth control methods, more deal with strengthening health systems, and the enduring prioritization of positive pregnancy and giving birth experiences.

At a broader level, Dr Allotey required an ongoing focus on the foundational importance of SRHR. "Sexual and reproductive health need to never ever be relegated to the margins of health care, however recognized as important for the total well-being of individuals and the communities in which they live," she said.