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Coffee Bean Types: Arabica, Robusta, Liberica, and Excelsa

If you're a coffee enthusiast, you likely already know that different types of beans have distinct flavor profiles. Read on to learn about four of the most well-known varieties: Arabica, Robusta, Liberica and Excelsa.

Excelsa beans, which are a variety of Liberica, are grown exclusively in Southeast Asia. They have a fruitier and tarter flavor, and are often added to blends of beans to enhance the flavor.

Arabica

Arabica coffee beans comprise 75% of global production. Arabica beans have a sweeter and less sour taste than Robusta, and come with a variety of flavor profiles. The flavor and aroma of coffee are influenced by the conditions under which it is grown and the processing methods employed.

The word "coffee" originates from the Arabic word meaning berry. Coffee beans are actually seeds which grow in bright red berries. It is believed that the ancient Ethiopian shepherds discovered that their goats became more energetic after eating the berries, and the cultivation of coffee soon became widespread across the globe.

Coffee beans can grow at high altitudes and flourish in cold temperatures and plenty of rain. This is the reason Arabica coffee is considered to be the most delicious kind of coffee.

Many specialty coffee shops and roasters are focused on the ethical source of arabica beans, focusing on fair wages for farmers and sustainable farming practices. These companies blend arabica beans to create unique signature coffees, which are suitable for different brewing methods. Blending can be used to control the aroma, flavor as well as body and acidity of the coffee. It is usually preferred to create an even and consistent taste that appeals to a larger market.

Robusta

Robusta beans (Coffea canephora) are the second most popular type of coffee bean that is grown worldwide. They have a higher caffeine content per bean than Arabica and are more resistant to pests and disease. They also contain more chlorogenic acids, which are naturally occurring antioxidants. These acids can cause oxidation in the coffee's brewing process and cause undesirable flavors.

The plant itself is more robust than arabica, able to grow in less favorable climate conditions and at lower elevations. It can tolerate warmer temperatures and thrives in direct sunlight. It produces more coffee beans for sale per plant and grows faster than arabica. This makes it a more economically viable crop to cultivate.

While it may seem counterintuitive the fact is that arabica and Robusta beans are often blended to make coffee blends. If you've noticed the names of countries such as Uganda or Kenya on a bag of coffee and you can be sure that there's some robusta too.

Most roasters use a mixture of arabica and coffee beans in order to cut costs and preserve quality. To maintain the integrity of the flavor, it's essential to select a high-quality bean from a supplier you trust. This can be accomplished by buying your beans directly from a farmer.

Liberica

Liberica beans are more or less football shaped which distinguishes them from other types of coffee beans. They have a distinctive scent that is fruity and floral with smoky undertones. They are added to other types of coffee beans (head to the Aeust site) to give them a richer and more robust flavor.

Liberica coffee beans are found in West Africa, Malaysia (Borneo), and Southeast Asia. They are well-adapted to humid, hot conditions and can be grown at low altitudes. They are also more resistant to disease than Arabica or Robusta.

These qualities make them ideal for growing at home. On the internet, you can purchase seeds from numerous sources. However, it is best to purchase the beans from local producers to guarantee quality. The ideal conditions for growing Liberica coffee include fertile deep volcano soils that have moderately acidic and sufficient annual rainfall.

Another type of coffee bean is Excelsa that was once considered a distinct species, but has been re-classified as an alternative to Liberica. These coffee beans are oval-shaped and are found on large coffee plants that can reach 20-30 feet in height at moderate altitudes. They have a distinct taste that is both tart and fruity which makes them a popular choice for blends in house. They are also less heavy on aroma and caffeine than Arabica and Robusta yet still have a distinct depth of flavor.

Excelsa

Although they're the fourth most coveted kind of coffee beans Excelsa beans aren't as easily accessible as Arabica or Robusta. They were actually thought to be distinct species of coffee up until 2006, at which point they were reclassified to become a synonym for Coffea Liberica var. dewevrei. They are produced in Southeast Asia today and account for 7% of the global production of online coffee beans. The coffee beans are shaped as teardrops and coffee beans uk are dark and mysterious in taste. They are frequently used to give blends extra body and a sweet tart flavor of ripe fruits.

Arabica beans are by far the most sought-after and are known for their sweeter taste. They thrive in tropical and warm climates and at high altitudes. They also have a bit of acidity. If properly roasted and brewed, they can have notes of chocolate, nuts, or even fruit.

Robusta is the second most sought-after coffee in the world, and is responsible for 40% of the coffee consumed around the world. These beans are smaller and rounder however, they contain twice the amount of caffeine as Arabica. They also have more bitterness than the other two varieties, and tend to have woody and earthy overtones.

Once you've mastered the four most commonly used types of coffee beans and the four most popular types of coffee beans, it's time to select your perfect brew. If you prefer an elegant and delicate taste opt for an arabica, or a blend consisting of arabica beans and robusta beans.