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How Does Machine Espresso Work?

Machine espresso utilizes precise pressure and incredible filter technology to produce the coffee we love. How exactly does it work?

Espresso is made by forcing hot water under pressure through finely ground coffee. The process is similar to making drip coffee. However, the pressure is the main difference.

The Group Head

The group head is the portafilter you put in when making espresso. It is responsible for dispersing water into the portafilter and controlling the pressure of the resulting extraction. There are various kinds of group heads each with its distinct advantages and drawbacks. Some focus on temperature stability, others on pre-infusion capabilities, while others are designed to control the lever. Some include a combination like the E61. This is a preferred choice for baristas since it provides multiple benefits in one package.

As you can see in the photo above, the group head has several notches to place your portafilter and twist it manually to secure it. A rubber gasket is located in the notches to create a seal while you insert your portafilter. The notches on the head permit a precise positioning of the portafilter which is essential for a consistent extraction.

The group head not only allows you to place your portafilter easily however, it also keeps the temperature at a constant level. It does this by circulating hot water through the brew basket and around the portafilter to ensure that it is always at the right temperature for extraction. This is important, as even a small difference in temperature can be the difference between a excellent and great espresso.

The Pump

In contrast to piston machines that are manually operated, which use a lever to pressurize water, Rotary espresso machines rely on motorized pumps that provide the nine atmospheric bars of pressure that are required to extract espresso. This pressure is generated by pumping water through a heat exchanger and then through the ground coffee.

Pumps are generally cheaper and last longer than piston-driven machines. However, both types of machines may degrade because of excessive use and insufficient cleaning. Pumps are also more complicated mechanically, which can increase the cost of even simpler models.

Certain espresso machines remove the pump completely and instead use steam pressure to brew espresso. This could lead to over-extraction since the boiler that makes steam also heats the water to boil. They also have to continuously rebuild their pressure between cups. This requires energy and time.

Many espresso machines utilize either a rotary or vibration pump, with a vibrating model using a rotating disc to create pressure, and an rotary model that pushes hot water through the grounds at high speed. Both machines produce great espresso, but rotary machines are more quiet, durable and less likely to fail.

The Boiler

The boiler is the element that heats the water to the optimal temperature for extraction. The steam that is created will eventually reach the portafilter, which is the container that holds the espresso coffee grounds. It is then poured into the cup. The steam causes enough pressure to push the coffee grounds through. This results in a crema on top of the espresso. This is the hallmark of a good espresso.

There are three kinds of espresso makers. They differ in the type of pump they use and the degree of heat that the brew is. There are a variety of ways to control the brew and the size of the cup that can be produced by the machine.

The first espresso machines were steam-types. The first espresso machines were steam-type machines. The coffee tasted bitter and burnt. This is the reason why Milanese producers Luigi Bezzerra and machine espresso Desiderio Pavoni invented the modern best espresso machine machine.

The most popular espresso machine is a semiautomatic one with an electric pump. When people think of espresso machines, they envision these machines. Semi-automatic machines require you to grind and tamp the beans yourself however the pump controls the water flow and pressure. This is an excellent compromise between human touch and the mechanized quality.

The Filter

espresso machine coffee machines typically have a filter that separates the grounds of the coffee from the hot water. The filter is also an essential part of the machine's temperature control, since it stops overheating.

It also improves flavor, as it allows for a longer bloom time. This allows the beans to release their nuances, and allows for better extraction.

However it is crucial to remember that even a high-quality filter can result in a poor cup of coffee, as the quality of the beans and extraction is still essential.

It's here that the magic occurs. This is the reason why espresso tastes so delicious. The grouphead, often called the brewhead, is where the portafilter (the device you put the ground coffee in) is placed when you're making espresso.

Steam-driven espresso machines use hot water that is heated inside an airtight container to create steam. The steam then pushes hot water through grounds of coffee at high pressure. These machines are less expensive and machine Espresso are easier for the user to maintain than pumps-driven models. However, they are not as efficient in their capacity to create the ideal brewing conditions, since they are only operating at 1-1.5 bars of pressure. While the perfect shot requires 9-10 bar.

In recent times, espresso machines powered by compressed air-pump are becoming increasingly popular. They utilize an air compressor to push hot water through the ground. They are also more mobile than steam-driven electric espresso machines.