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Coffee Bean Types: Arabica, Robusta, Liberica, and Excelsa

If you're a fan of coffee you're likely aware that different varieties of beans produce varying flavor profiles. Find out about four of the most common varieties: Arabica. Robusta. Liberica. and Excelsa.

Excelsa beans, which are a variety of Liberica, are grown exclusively in Southeast Asia. They have a fruitier and tarter taste profile, and cheap are often added to coffee blends to enhance the flavor.

Arabica

Arabica is the most sought-after coffee in the world accounting for 75% of the world's coffee beans produced. Arabica beans are sweeter and milder in flavor than Robusta and come with a variety of flavor profiles. The taste and aroma components of a coffee may vary in a wide range depending on the cultivation conditions and methods of processing used to produce it.

The word "coffee" originates from the Arabic word meaning berry. Coffee beans are actually seeds that grow within bright red berries. It is believed that ancient Ethiopian shepherds noticed that their goats were invigorated by eating the fruits. The cultivation of coffee quickly spread around the world.

Coffee beans can be grown at high altitudes and flourish with cool temperatures and lots of rain. This is the reason Arabica coffee is believed to be the most delicious type of coffee.

Many specialty coffee shops and roasters focus on ethically sourced arabica beans, with a focus on fair wages for farmers and sustainable farming practices. These companies blend arabica beans in order to create unique coffees, which can be used in various brewing methods. Blending is a way to control the aroma, flavor and body of the coffee. It is often used to create an even and balanced taste that appeals to a wider market.

Robusta

Robusta beans (Coffea canephora) are the second most popular type of coffee bean grown across the globe. They have more caffeine per bean and are more resistant against pests and diseases. They also contain higher levels of chlorogenic acids, which coffee beans are the best are naturally-occurring antioxidants. However, these acids could cause oxidation in the process of brewing coffee and may produce undesirable flavors.

The plant itself is more durable than arabica, and can thrive in less favorable climate conditions and at lower elevations. It can tolerate warmer temperatures and thrives in direct sunlight. It grows faster and produces more coffee per plant than arabica, which makes it a more cost-effective plant to cultivate.

Although it may sound contradictory, Robusta and arabica beans are often blended to make coffee blends. If you notice the names of countries such as Uganda or Kenya on a coffee bag it's likely there's some robusta as well.

While some roasters use exclusively arabica beans but the majority do blend the two varieties to cut cost and maintain the quality. To ensure the integrity of the flavor it is recommended to select a high quality coffee beans quality bean from a reliable source. This can be accomplished by purchasing the beans directly from a farmer.

Liberica

Liberica beans have a shape that is similar to a football which is why they are different from other types of coffee beans. They have a unique aroma that is fruity and floral with smoky undertones. They are often added to other coffee bean types to give them a deeper and more robust taste.

Liberica coffee beans can be found in West Africa, Malaysia (Borneo), and Southeast Asia. They are tolerant of hot, humid climates and can thrive at low altitudes. They are also more resistant to diseases than Arabica or Robusta.

These qualities make them ideal for growing at home. You can purchase seeds from numerous sources. However, it's best to purchase the beans from local producers in order to ensure the highest quality. The best growing conditions for Liberica coffee plants are fertile deep volcanic soils with moderately acidic pH, and sufficient annual rainfall.

Excelsa is a different type of coffee bean. It was initially classified as a separate species, but has since been reclassified as a Liberica variant. The coffee beans that are oval in shape are found on large coffee plants that range from 20 to 30 feet in height at medium altitudes. They have a distinct taste that is both tart and fruity which coffee beans are the best has made them a popular option in blends made by home. They are also less heavy on aroma and caffeine than Arabica and Robusta and Robusta, yet they have a distinctive quality of flavor.

Excelsa

Although they're the fourth most popular type of coffee beans, Excelsa beans aren't as readily available as Arabica or Robusta. In fact, they were considered a distinct coffee plant species until 2006 when they were changed to an alternative to Coffea liberica var. dewevrei. They are produced in Southeast Asia today and account for 7 percent of the world's production of coffee. The beans are distinctive with a teardrop shape, and an eerie, dark taste. They are often blended to add body and a rich tart, ripe fruit taste.

Arabica beans are by far the most popular and are renowned for their sweeter flavor. They grow best at high altitudes and are able to thrive in warm, tropical climates. They have a slight acidity. If brewed correctly and puzzlenc.com roast, they can have notes of nuts, chocolate or even fruit.

Robusta is the second most popular coffee around the world. It accounts for about 40% of all coffee consumed in the world. Robusta beans are rounder and smaller, but contain twice as much caffeine than Arabica. They also have more bitterness than the other two varieties and tend to have earthy and woody overtones.

After learning about the four most common types you can now choose your favorite brew. If you're looking to enjoy a smooth and delicate taste, go for an arabica bean or a blend of arabica and robusta beans.