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Blood Cancer Injuries

Blood cancers occur when something is not right in the DNA within your cells. These mutations prevent your blood cells from performing their jobs correctly.

Leukemia is the most common blood cancer. It causes abnormal blood cells to multiply and last longer than normal ones blood cells, causing them to crowd out normal cells.

Symptoms

Blood cancers begin in the bone marrow, which is the soft, spongy bone tissue that is found inside most bones that makes blood cells. These abnormal blood cell grow out of control and can cause a flurry of normal blood cells called hematopoietic. They also hinder the production of normal white blood, red blood, and platelets. Blood cancers can also affect the immune system as well as lymph nodes.

The signs and symptoms of blood cancer differ according to the type. Lymphoma, as an example, often causes swelling (enlarged) lymph nodes, but it may affect other areas of the body as well. When lymphoma begins to develop within the spleen, it could cause discomfort or fullness on the left side. Certain people suffering from myelofibrosis a form of chronic leukemia, experience bone pain as well.

Other symptoms include fatigue, fever and chills. Some people with myeloma have weight loss or decrease in appetite. Others have a tingling feeling in the legs or arms. People suffering from essential thrombocythemia or polycythemia may have painful ulcers in the mouth, stomach or the small intestine.

Certain blood cancers may trigger an accumulation in the bone marrow that could result in thinning of bones and darkening (lytic lesions). This is usually seen on x-rays. It can also cause weakness and a feeling of being unstable on your feet (osteoporosis). A few people experience excessive thirst or lose weight as a result of high levels of calcium present in the body.

Diagnosis

Blood cancers, or hematologic cancers, arise when abnormal blood cells develop out of control and disrupt the function of normal blood cells that fight infections and produce platelets and red blood cells. The most frequently diagnosed blood cancers are leukemia myeloma, and lymphoma.

Your doctor can identify the majority of blood cancers using samples from the bone marrow (where new blood cells are made) or circulating blood. These samples are tested in a laboratory for abnormal cells or changes to the genetic material of your cells. A complete blood count and an analysis of blood chemistry can be performed to check your red blood cells.

Other tests may help determine the cause of your cancer. These may include imaging scans like CT or MRI and genetic tests.

Most times blood cancers arise from changes (mutation) in the DNA inside your blood cells. These changes are often triggered by factors you have in your daily routine such as smoking, radiation exposure, and infections caused by Epstein-Barr or human T-cell lymphoma virus (HTLV). Other causes can be linked to your genes, your age, and other factors. The most frequent cancers in adults are lymphoma and myeloma, which start in the bones or in blood-forming tissues like the lymph nodes as well as the bone marrow.

Treatment

The blood is a vital fluid that transports oxygen to cells, blood cancer injuries delivers nutrients and hormones regulates body temperature as well as pH balance, and helps fight infections. Blood cancers, also called hematologic cancers, can interfere with the development of normal blood cells and disrupt their function. They usually begin in the bone marrow which is the spongy soft bone tissue that is inside the majority of bones, where blood cells grow.

Most blood cancers arise from abnormal white blood cell proliferation, which replaces healthy blood cells. They may cause a decrease in the number of red blood cells which causes weakness and fatigue, and Blood Cancer Injuries also problems with clotting and bleeding.

Doctors can diagnose cancers with samples of blood or tissue. This could be an in-person biopsy taken from your breastbone or hip bone or a CBC test (complete blood count). Also, they use imaging scans to look for lymph nodes that have enlarged which are a common characteristic of lymphoma.

Treatment is based on the type of cancer you have your age, the type of cancer, and whether it has spread to any other organs. Doctors will often use chemotherapy in many cancers to kill cancer cells or slow their growth or stop it. They typically combine chemotherapy with radiation or other treatments. For leukemia and lymphoma, which originate in the lymphatic system, or the blood-forming tissues doctors may employ targeted therapy to eliminate abnormal cells without harming healthy ones.

Side Effects

Blood cancers and treatments impact the immune system of your body which means you're at an higher risk of getting infections. This is especially when you suffer from an insufficient platelet count (thrombocytopenia) as it can make even minor cuts, scrapes and bruises more serious.

Certain types of leukemia may cause bone pain. It is most prevalent in the long bones, like the legs, arms and ribs. This is due to cancer cells accumulating and pressing on nerves and joints. Other signs could include fatigue, breathing problems and swelling of lymph nodes, which are painless, in the armpits, neck, and groin.

Other blood cancers, such as myeloma, lymphoma, and myeloma also the immune system of the body by increasing the number abnormal white blood cells. Lymphoma impacts your lymphatic system. This includes lymph nodes which are shaped like beans and eliminate excess fluid. Hodgkin's lymphoma is the most commonly encountered form. Other forms include non-Hodgkin's lymphoma, Waldenstrom macroglobulinemia, and multiple myeloma.

Blood cancers may be caused by genetic changes to the material of your blood cells, but they can be caused by certain medications and other causes. Polycythemia, for instance, is caused by a buildup within the bone marrow with proteins that reduce the production of healthy red blood cells. This can cause fatigue, anemia, and other signs.