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Acute Lymphocytic Leukemia

Between 2003 and 2007, leukemia cases were most prevalent in children 0-4 years old and then declined until 30. The incidence rates for gender and age were standardized to the canadian national railway acute lymphocytic leukemia population.

Leukemia is a form of cancer that starts in the stem cells of bone marrow and blood. These cells make red blood cells that carry oxygen and nutrients to tissues of the body, white canadian national railway blood cancer cell that fights infections, and Canadian National Railway Acute Lymphocytic Leukemia platelets, which stop bleeding and create blood clots.

What is Acute Lymphoblastic Leukemia?

The spongy tissue that is found in bones, bone marrow is the source of all blood cells. Blood stem cells (immature blood cells) usually develop with time. The cells are then transferred from the bone marrow to the bloodstream, where they transport oxygen and other substances throughout the body, stop bleeding and fight infections.

The bone marrow is producing too many white blood cells that are not fully matured in people suffering from leukemia. These cells crowd the normal blood cells, preventing them from performing their job. Adult acute lymphoblastic (ALL) leukemia typically affects white blood cells called lymphocytes. However, it could also affect other blood cells.

ALL is a form of cancer that begins in the bone marrow but can spread to other areas of the body. It is an aggressive cancer which means it will get worse quickly if not treated. ALL can occur in adults and children of any age, however it is more prevalent among children.

The future of people suffering from ALL is contingent on their age at the time of diagnosis and how they react to treatment. The earlier the leukemia is discovered and treated, the more likely it is to be cured. Patients with ALL are usually treated with chemotherapy. Radiation therapy and/or stem cell transplants are sometimes used. If the chemotherapy is intense an additional treatment for cancer is given to stop the leukemia from returning.

Diagnosis

The first step in diagnosing leukemia is to test the bone marrow and blood for leukemia cells. This is done by a complete blood count (CBC) with the differential, which measures the amount of red blood cells, white blood cells and platelets in your blood sample.

The results of the test will aid in determining if there are too few mature cells in the blood. This is a sign that there may be leukemia. It also will reveal how the white blood cells are functioning and if they're capable of performing their task effectively. The doctor might also recommend an MRI scan, which utilizes magnetic fields and radio waves instead of x-rays to create detailed pictures of the body. This may help identify enlarged lymph nodes and other problems.

In some instances, the leukemia cells may grow to the region around the brain and spinal chord. To test for this, Canadian National Railway Aplastic Anemia doctors do an examination called a puncture of the lumbar spine. After numbing the region, they place a needle between the bones in the lower back of the spine and into the space around the spinal cord to remove the fluid for testing. They can also utilize this test to inject chemotherapy drugs into the CSF to treat cancer that has spread to the spinal cord or brain.

Other tests, like the CT or ultrasound, could be used to determine if your organs have grown. Sometimes a chest x-ray can be taken to look for signs of lung diseases, such as a tumor or infection.

Treatment

The bone marrow produces blood stem cells which grow into red blood cells that carry oxygen and other substances throughout the body and platelets to stop bleeding, and canadian National railway acute lymphocytic leukemia white blood cells to fight off disease and infection. Leukemia affects the white and red cells of blood, so their numbers are less than the normal.

Usually, the first treatment is chemotherapy (medicine) which kills leukemia cells in the blood and bone marrow and makes the leukemia go into Remission. This is referred to as the remission-inducing treatment.

The second stage of treatment is to eliminate any remaining leukemia cell that may be hiding within the body, which causes leukemia to return. This is called post-remission therapy.

If leukemia is recurrence after treatment (recurs or it relapses) The disease typically occurs in bone marrow or blood. However, it could also occur in the spinal liquid. If this occurs, the doctor could prescribe more intense chemo.

Most people who have ALL experience a complete remission within the first few rounds of treatment. The likelihood of complete remission varies based on factors such as the age at which the leukemia was first discovered and other factors. The cure rate for ALL is about 40% for patients who have canadian national railway all. This rate is higher among younger patients than those with more experience.

Prognosis

In the first treatment stage (called"remission-induction therapy) High doses are used of chemotherapy to eliminate leukemia in the bone blood and marrow. This decreases the chance of cancer recurrence or recurrence.

The next phase of treatment is designed to stop the spread of leukemia throughout the brain, spinal cord and central nervous system (CNS). This is a phase that includes medications known as anti-metabolites, chemotherapies, and radiation therapy to the brain. It is also essential to keep the amount of healthy blood cells in the body (red and white blood cells) at the highest level possible, so that they can protect the body against infection and circulate oxygen throughout the body.

A good prognosis is given to those who reach a Remission in which less than 5% of bone blast cells from the marrow are present and the blood cell count is normal. But the longer it takes an individual to reach remission, the poorer their outlook. The presence of minimal residual disease after treatment is a key prognostic factor.

As they work in environments that are not well ventilated, like locomotives, track machinery, and yards, railroad employees such as machinists and electricians are exposed to exhaust from diesel engines. Other toxic substances that are used in their jobs, such as degreasers and solvents, lubricants, as well as welding fumes, can be a cause of concern. This can lead occupational illnesses and diseases like mesothelioma and lung cancer.